ENVIRONMENTAL LAWS IN INDIA: A COMPREHENSIVE ANALYSIS​

Environmental degradation is a global concern and India as one of the most populous nations with rapid industrialization and urbanization faces significant environmental challenges. This research paper provides an in-depth analysis of environmental law in India encompassing various key aspects including legislation legal framework constitutional provisions case laws and significant developments. This research paper presents a comprehensive understanding of the legal mechanisms aimed at protecting and conserving the environment in India. This research paper highlights base of the environmental laws enshrined in the Constitution of India under Article 48A and Article 51A (g). Further, the research paper highlights the objectives and intent of the legislative body behind the introduction of environmental laws in India. Moreover, it provides information of the major statutes of India including The Environment (Protection) Act, 1986, The Water (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act, 1974, The Air (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act, 1981, The National Green Tribunal Act, 2010, The Forest (Conservation) Act, 1980 and The Wildlife Protection Act, 1972.  Further, the paper defines how the Indian judiciary has played a crucial role in safeguarding these laws and ensuring their effective implementation. Additionally, it talks about the several challenges with their recommendations that need to be addressed in order to ensure the effective implementation of environmental laws.