This research paper examines the future of minority rights in Bangladesh in the aftermath of Sheikh Hasina’s ouster from power on August 5, 2024, following unprecedented student-led protests. The study is framed in the context of a post-Sheikh Hasina era, where the turnover of political power is likely to bring new political and legal priorities. Specifically, the research seeks to provide an understanding of the challenges facing minority rights holders-Hindus, Buddhists, Christians, and Indigenous peoples-within this transitional moment. Issues under consideration include communal violence, structural discrimination, and continued socio-economic marginalization. The study will inquire whether the existing legal and constitutional frameworks provide meaningful protection, noting that past assessments have found many of these protections to be aspirational, unenforced, or disconnected from prevailing political conditions. In analyzing this competing context, the research evaluates how minority rights were ostensibly secured under a Sheikh Hasina–dominated government that emphasized a secular framework, while also questioning whether the post-Hasina transition will sustain, reform, or dismantle these foundations. Additionally, the study will broaden its evaluation to include ongoing perpetrators of minority rights violations in the economic and societal spheres-such as land grabbing in Indigenous peoples’ territories, exclusion from economic opportunities in both public and private sectors, and cultural erasure through attempts to redefine national identity in exclusionary terms. Ultimately, this research situates minority rights within Bangladesh’s current political transition and assesses the potential pathways for legal and social protections in a post-conflict and post-authoritarian context.