The protection of minority rights constitutes a fundamental pillar of India’s constitutional framework, reflecting its commitment to pluralism, secularism, and social justice in a diverse society. The Constitution guarantees a range of rights aimed at safeguarding minority communities, including equality before the law, non-discrimination, freedom of religion, and cultural and educational autonomy. However, within these communities, women occupy a particularly vulnerable position due to the intersection of gender and minority status, which exposes them to multiple and overlapping forms of discrimination. This paper adopts doctrinal method and undertakes a constitutional analysis of minority rights in India, with a specific focus on examining the position and protection of women within minority communities. The study critically analyses key constitutional provisions such as Articles 14, 15, 21, and 25 to 30, alongside the evolving jurisprudence developed by the Supreme Court of India in landmark decisions. The analysis reveals that despite the existence of a robust constitutional and legal framework, minority women continue to face persistent challenges, including discriminatory personal laws, socio-economic marginalization, limited access to education and healthcare, lack of political representation, and heightened vulnerability to violence and discrimination, especially during communal tensions. The paper argues that a significant gap exists between formal legal guarantees and their effective implementation on the ground. It concludes that achieving substantive equality for minority women requires a gender-sensitive, rights-based approach that harmonizes minority rights with constitutional values. Strengthening legal awareness, reforming discriminatory practices, and ensuring effective policy implementation are essential to advancing the protection and empowerment of minority women in India.