RETHINKING INDONESIA’S DEMOCRATIC SYSTEM: WHY IS A CONSTITUTIONAL MONARCHY WORTH CONSIDERING?
Ardhes Blandhivay Leuanan, Master of Laws, Student at Padjadjaran University, (Indonesia)
This article critically analyses Tom Ginsburg’s thesis on constitutional monarchy as a counter-majoritarian institution and tests its relevance to the diagnosis of Indonesia’s democratic crisis during the period 2014-2026. The study employs a normative comparative legal method with a comparative constitutional analysis approach to key 2018-2026 literature and to empirical data from V-Dem, Freedom House, and the Economist Intelligence Unit; the conceptual approach is emphasised because the discussion engages doctrinal categories rather than primary empirical fieldwork. Although the literature on Indonesia’s democratic backsliding is abundant, scholarly debate has rarely seriously considered non-republican alternative state-design models, even though Ginsburg and his colleagues at the Universities of Chicago and Northwestern have developed a systematic thesis arguing that constitutional monarchy functions as a stakes-reducing device and as crisis insurance that supports democratic stability. The findings are threefold. First, the constitutional monarchies of Northern Europe, Japan, and Spain correlate strongly with stable liberal democracies; second, the causal mechanism lies in the separation of a symbolic head of state from an executive head of government, which closes the narrative space available to populist-authoritarian leaders; third, Indonesia already possesses a living precedent in the Special Region of Yogyakarta, which functions as a juridical constitutional monarchy within the body of the Republic. Although a full national conversion to constitutional monarchy is unrealistic, the functional logic articulated by Ginsburg can guide the strengthening of Indonesia’s counter-majoritarian institutions, with Yogyakarta serving as a constitutional experiment that warrants serious study.
| 📄 Type | 🔍 Information |
|---|---|
| Research Paper | LawFoyer International Journal of Doctrinal Legal Research (LIJDLR), Volume 4, Issue 2, Page 777–801. |
| 🔗 Creative Commons | © Copyright |
| This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License . | © Authors, 2026. All rights reserved. |