Mergers and Acquisitions (M&A) have emerged as an important strategy for corporate growth in an increasingly competitive and globally integrated business environment. By enabling firms to acquire existing assets, technology, managerial capabilities, market access and established customer bases, M&A offers a faster route to expansion than organic growth. This research adopts a doctrinal and analytical methodology, examining statutory and regulatory frameworks, institutional mechanisms, secondary literature and selected case studies to evaluate the effectiveness of M&A as a growth strategy in emerging markets, with particular reference to India, China and Brazil. The study finds that India provides a comparatively structured and market-oriented M&A framework through company law, competition regulation and securities regulation, with the Competition Commission of India and SEBI playing important institutional roles, although procedural delays and compliance burdens may affect transaction efficiency. China’s M&A environment reflects stronger state influence, where regulatory scrutiny, foreign investment controls and state-guided industrial policy can facilitate strategic acquisitions but may also raise concerns regarding transparency and market neutrality. Brazil represents a mixed model in which CADE and competition law have strengthened merger control and institutional oversight, but macroeconomic volatility and political uncertainty continue to influence deal valuation and completion. The comparative analysis of the Tata Steel-Corus, Geely-Volvo and AB InBev experiences shows that M&A can generate scale, technology access and global competitiveness, but success depends on strategic fit, disciplined valuation, regulatory certainty and effective post-merger integration. The study recommends that firms undertake rigorous due diligence, avoid over-leveraged acquisitions, and design integration plans before deal closure, while policymakers should promote transparent, predictable and time-bound regulatory processes to support sustainable M&A-driven growth.