The Indian judiciary is an integral part of the constitutional structure and plays an extremely important role in the true spirit of the rule of law, the protection of fundamental rights and the settlement of disputes between individuals, institutions and the State. This study examines the role of court performance management and alternative dispute resolution (ADR) mechanisms, particularly mediation, Pre-Institution Mediation (PIM), and National Lok Adalats, in improving the efficiency of justice delivery in India. The study analyses data for 2024–2025 to assess the extent to which these mechanisms contribute to dispute resolution and reduction of judicial burden. The findings indicate that out of 4,72,420 cases received for mediation, 98,406 cases were successfully settled, reflecting a settlement rate of approximately 20.83%. In commercial disputes, 59,568 PIM applications were received, although a substantial number were recorded as non-starters, while 877 cases resulted in settlement. National Lok Adalats demonstrated considerable disposal capacity, with 14,89,61,603 cases taken up across four sessions and 10,42,37,861 cases disposed of, reflecting a disposal rate of approximately 69.98% and settlements amounting to approximately Rs. 75,836.87 crore. The study underscores the importance of strengthening ADR infrastructure, institutional coordination, awareness, and performance-management practices to improve case disposal and judicial efficiency.