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FUNDAMENTAL RIGHTS IN THE CONSTITUTION OF INDIA: AN ANALYSIS OF RELEVANT ARTICLES AND CASE LAWS Khalid Ali Khan Afridi & Mohammad Tanveer, LL.M. (Constitutional & Administrative Law) I Year (I Semester) Postgraduate Student at Faculty of Juridical Sciences, RAMA University, Kanpur, Uttar Pradesh. Download Manuscript doi.org/10.70183/lijdlr.2024.v02.45 This research paper aims to analyze the fundamental rights granted by the Constitution of India which play a vital role in protecting and safeguarding the individual rights of citizens. The paper explores the relevant articles and case laws pertaining to these rights to provide a comprehensive understanding of their significance in Indian constitutional law. The Constitution of India under Part III guarantees fundamental rights to all citizens. These rights are essential for the promotion of social justice equality liberty and the overall well-being of individuals. This research paper focuses on the key fundamental rights enshrined in the Indian Constitution focusing on Articles 14, 19, 20-22, 32, etc. Article 14which provides for the Right to Equality ensures that the state shall not discriminate against any citizen on grounds of religion race caste sex or place of birth. The paper explores landmark cases like Maneka Gandhi v. Union of India which expanded the interpretation of this article ensuring equality before the law and equal protection of laws. Furthermore, the Right to Freedom guaranteed under Articles 19-22 establishes the freedoms of speech and expression, assembly, association, movement, and residence. Notable cases like Keshavananda Bharati versus State of Kerala and S.R. Bommai v. Union of India[9] have emphasized the significance of these freedoms in a democratic society. Type Information Research Paper LawFoyer International Journal of Doctrinal Legal Research, Volume II, Issue IV, Page 88-108. Creative Commons Copyright This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License. © Authors, 2024

CYBER SECURITY IN INDIA: EVOLUTION AND IMPORTANCE Khalid Ali Khan Afridi, L.L.M. (Constitutional & Administrative Law) I Year (I Semester) Postgraduate Student at Faculty of Juridical Sciences, RAMA University Kanpur Uttar Pradesh. Download Manuscript doi.org/10.70183/lijdlr.2024.v02.44 With the rapid digitization of various sectors in India the need for strong cyber security measures has become paramount. India has made significant strides in strengthening its cyber security framework, with the establishment of the National Cyber Security Policy in 2013 and the formation of the Indian Computer Emergency Response Team (CERT-In). The government has also launched initiatives like the Cyber Swachhta Kendra and Cyber Surakshit Bharat program to raise awareness and provide protection tools. Collaborations with international organizations and governments have strengthened India’s defense mechanism. However, challenges remain, such as poor security infrastructure, inadequate training, and a shortage of skilled professionals. This research paper aims to serve as a comprehensive resource for policymakers, researchers and practitioners in the field of cyber security. This research paper also mentions the major provisions of legislative statutes including the Information Technology Act, 2000, The Aadhaar Act, 2016, etc. and landmark judgments including the cases Shreya Singhal v. Union of India, Justice K.S. Puttaswamy (Retired) v. Union of India, etc. for drawing an idea about what is being protected by the statutes, what the statutes can allow or prohibit and under which provisions they can be claimed or challenged. Type Information Research Paper LawFoyer International Journal of Doctrinal Legal Research, Volume II, Issue IV, Page 67-87. Creative Commons Copyright This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License. © Authors, 2024