Piracy and armed robbery at sea remain persistent threats to international shipping and coastal security. Under international law, piracy is defined in UNCLOS Article 101 as violent acts at sea outside any State’s jurisdiction, whereas “armed robbery against ships” refers to similar crimes within a State’s waters. This paper examines how the global community (multilateral) and regional groups (minilateral) address these crimes, with an emphasis on Indian law and policy. The analysis first outlines the international legal framework (UNCLOS, IMO, UN Security Council resolutions, the Contact Group on Somali piracy) that obliges states to cooperate in suppression of piracy. It then surveys multilateral institutions and operations (UNODC, IMO codes, EU NAVFOR “Atalanta”, NATO Ocean Shield, Combined Task Forces, etc.) that implement counter-piracy measures. Next, it reviews regional/minilateral initiatives: in the Indo-Pacific (the ReCAAP information‐sharing centre in Singapore, the Malacca Straits Coordinated Patrols (MALSINDO), and the Indonesia-Malaysia-Philippines Trilateral Cooperative Arrangement), in the East African/Indian Ocean (Djibouti Code of Conduct 2009, Jeddah Amendment 2017, regional fusion centres), and in West/Central Africa (Yaoundé Code of Conduct 2013, bilateral patrols like Nigeria-Benin “Operation Prosperity”, Gulf of Guinea information-sharing centers). The paper highlights India’s role – noting that until recently Indian courts lacked jurisdiction over pirates beyond 12 NM, which led to the Maritime Anti-Piracy Act, 2022. This law criminalizes piracy on the high seas and extends Indian jurisdiction to the EEZ, aligning domestic law with UNCLOS obligations. The analysis finds that multilateral frameworks provide comprehensive legal norms and broad coordination but often lack enforcement on the ground; minilateral/regional cooperation (e.g. joint patrols, intelligence‐sharing) has been more agile in specific waters. However, gaps remain in capacity and implementation. The paper concludes with recommendations to strengthen information-sharing, harmonize national laws (as India has done), build coastal state capacity, and deepen both global and regional partnerships to suppress maritime crime effectively.