The gig economy has rapidly expanded in India due to the growth of digital platforms such as Uber, Ola, Swiggy, and Zomato. These platforms have created new earning opportunities by connecting workers and customers through mobile applications and digital technologies. Although gig work is often presented as flexible and independent, it has also created serious concerns regarding labour rights and worker protection. One of the most important developments in this sector is algorithmic management, where digital systems and automated technologies are used to supervise workers, assign tasks, monitor performance, determine earnings, and evaluate productivity. This paper examines how algorithmic management affects labour rights in India’s gig economy. It analyses issues such as worker surveillance, income instability, lack of social security, weak bargaining power, legal uncertainty, and absence of collective representation. The study also looks at how effective the Code on Social Security, 2020 is in protecting the rights and welfare of gig and platform workers in India. The research is based on a doctrinal and analytical approach using secondary sources such as books, research articles, government reports, and legal documents. It studies how digital platforms and technology are changing the nature of employment and labour relations in the modern economy. The paper finds that while the gig economy has created new job opportunities and supported the growth of India’s digital economy, it has also increased problems such as job insecurity, irregular income, and lack of proper labour protection. Many gig workers continue to work without basic benefits like social security, health insurance, paid leave, or stable working conditions. The study further observes that existing labour laws are still not fully equipped to deal with the challenges created by platform-based work and algorithmic management systems. Therefore, the research highlights the need for stronger labour regulations and better implementation of social security measures for gig workers. It also stresses the importance of making algorithmic systems more transparent so that workers can better understand how decisions related to wages, ratings, incentives, and work allocation are made. Overall, the study argues that the future of platform-based work in India should not focus only on technology and economic growth, but also on fairness, worker dignity, accountability, and social justice.